第三册：培养技能 · 单元 3 复习与自测 · 第41–51课
单元导读 · 单元语法总结 · 单元单词与短语 · 单元复习与自测
先独立作答，再展开答案。下列原创题从相应课时选取，覆盖本范围每一课；错题请回到课时讲解解释错误原因，再替换一个条件重做。
第三册：培养技能 · 单元 3 复习与自测
单元导读 · 单元语法总结 · 单元单词与短语 · 单元复习与自测
先独立作答，再展开答案。下列原创题从相应课时选取，覆盖本范围每一课；错题请回到课时讲解解释错误原因，再替换一个条件重做。
Lesson 41 · while 与 whereas 的对照
阅读材料（本站原创）： The village is quiet after sunset, whereas the market town remains busy until midnight.
练习 1
例句比较的是交通还是夜间活动？
参考答案与解析
答案： 夜间活动。
解析： quiet after sunset 与 busy until midnight 是对应信息。
表达迁移： 比较两种居住环境，用三句写出同一维度的差异与个人取舍。
表达参考与点评
The city flat is close to work, whereas the cottage requires a long drive. The cottage offers more outdoor space. For now, a shorter commute matters more to me.
先比较通勤，再补充空间，最后说明个人权重而非普遍优劣。
Lesson 42 · 独立主格的独立主语
阅读材料（本站原创）： The main passage blocked, the team returned to the entrance.
练习 1
把例句改为 because 从句。
参考答案与解析
答案： Because the main passage was blocked, the team returned to the entrance.
解析： 恢复明确主语和限定谓语。
表达迁移： 用三句写虚构地下通道检查，包含环境变化和团队决定。
表达参考与点评
Our spare lights ready, we entered the first chamber. Water soon covered the lower steps. We returned before the rising level blocked the exit.
独立结构说明准备状态，后两句给出观察和及时调整。
Lesson 43 · provided that 与 unless
阅读材料（本站原创）： In this fictional scheme, repairs are covered provided that the damage is reported within a week.
练习 1
虚构规则允许两周后首次报告吗？
参考答案与解析
答案： 不允许据此获得所述保障。
解析： 条件明确为一周内报告。
表达迁移： 为虚构物品借用制度写三句，明确保障、条件和例外。
表达参考与点评
The club will repair borrowed lamps if faults are reported promptly. Batteries are not included in this promise. Members should photograph the damage before returning a lamp.
规则结果、例外和操作建议分开，避免把一般说明读成无限承诺。
Lesson 44 · 平行结构与 not only
阅读材料（本站原创）： The night train offers both a quiet place to sleep and a direct route to the city centre.
练习 1
例句 both ... and 连接什么类型成分？
参考答案与解析
答案： 两个名词短语。
解析： a quiet place 与 a direct route 都是 offers 的宾语。
表达迁移： 比较两种虚构通勤方案，用三句说明总时间和舒适度。
表达参考与点评
The express bus is faster on the main road. However, the local train takes me directly to the office district. It offers both predictable travel time and a seat where I can read.
局部速度与全程便利分开比较，两个优点以平行名词短语呈现。
Lesson 45 · 报告动词及其结构
阅读材料（本站原创）： The reporter stated the figures, while the campaigner claimed that they showed a wider problem.
练习 1
例句中“更广泛的问题”是谁的判断？
参考答案与解析
答案： 倡议者的判断。
解析： claimed that 明确归属。
表达迁移： 写三句报道摘要，区分观察、引用和未证实内容。
表达参考与点评
The newspaper published photographs of the damaged bridge. Residents said that repairs had been delayed. The council has not yet confirmed the proposed reopening date.
可见材料、居民说法、机构尚未确认分别标注，避免混成一个确定结论。
Lesson 46 · 过去能力与一次成功
阅读材料（本站原创）： After several careful attempts, I managed to remove the damaged screw.
练习 1
例句螺丝是否最终取出？
参考答案与解析
答案： 是。
解析： managed to 明确实际成功。
表达迁移： 用三句写一次低风险物品组装经历，说明困难和处理结果。
表达参考与点评
I could assemble simple shelves, but this kit had unclear labels. After sorting the parts by size, I managed to fit the frame together. I left the final wall mounting to an experienced installer.
一般能力、具体成功和能力边界各自清楚，不把部分成功说成全部完成。
Lesson 47 · because、therefore 与因果关系
阅读材料（本站原创）： The courtyard remained noisy after midnight; therefore, several residents moved their bedrooms to the rear.
练习 1
例句 therefore 前为何不用普通逗号直接拼接？
参考答案与解析
答案： 两侧都是完整分句。
解析： 连接副词本身不能充当并列连词。
表达迁移： 用三句评价一个虚构便利设施的代价，列出观察和改进建议。
表达参考与点评
The new delivery entrance saves workers time. However, metal carts wake nearby residents before dawn. Rubber wheels and later collection hours may reduce the disturbance.
便利与代价均具体，may 避免对改进效果作未经测试的保证。
Lesson 48 · 地点前置的完全倒装
阅读材料（本站原创）： Beyond the empty square stood a row of houses with closed shutters.
练习 1
还原例句为普通语序。
参考答案与解析
答案： A row of houses with closed shutters stood beyond the empty square.
解析： 把主语移回谓语前，地点置后。
表达迁移： 用三句描绘一处安静场景，包含一个倒装句并避免臆断。
表达参考与点评
At the end of the lane stood an empty bus shelter. No voices came from the nearby houses. We could not tell whether the residents were away or simply indoors.
倒装建立空间，最后一句主动限制对静默的解释。
Lesson 49 · 介词加关系代词
阅读材料（本站原创）： The assistant on whom the household relied kept a careful record of every delivery.
练习 1
把例句的关系从句改为介词留末尾的形式。
参考答案与解析
答案： The assistant whom the household relied on kept a careful record of every delivery.
解析： on 移到 relied 后，whom 也可省略。
表达迁移： 用三句说明一位虚构助手的可靠性，给出可观察行为。
表达参考与点评
The coordinator on whom we rely checks every booking twice. She also explains changes before they affect visitors. Clear communication matters more to us than a flawless appearance.
具体行动支撑可靠评价，最后一句明确价值标准。
Lesson 50 · 动词后 ing 与 to do 的意义
阅读材料（本站原创）： I stopped checking messages during study sessions and tried leaving my phone in another room.
练习 1
翻译：记得关灯。
参考答案与解析
答案： Remember to turn off the light.
解析： 提醒执行尚需完成的动作。
表达迁移： 用三句写一个可检验的学习习惯计划，包含试验和复盘。
表达参考与点评
I will read for ten minutes after breakfast. If I keep forgetting, I will try leaving the book beside my cup. At the end of the week, I will count the days I actually read.
时间触发、环境提示和反馈指标完整，比抽象决心更可执行。
Lesson 51 · 将来完成时的截止视角
阅读材料（本站原创）： If the schedule holds, the team will have tested all three models by Friday.
练习 1
例句保证任何情况下都能周五完成吗？
参考答案与解析
答案： 不保证。
解析： if the schedule holds 是明确条件。
表达迁移： 用三句对虚构项目作谨慎预测，包含依据、截止点和不确定因素。
表达参考与点评
The first two trials took one day each. If the remaining trials follow that pattern, we will have finished by Thursday. Unexpected equipment faults could still change the schedule.
以观察到的模式作条件预测，再指出模式可能失效的因素。
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