第一册：英语初阶 · 全册短语与句型 · 第56–83课
本册介绍 · 全册课程目录 · 全册语法总结 · 全册单词总结 · 全册短语与句型 · 全册易错点 · 综合复习与自测
Lesson 56 · 一般现在时的习惯动作
- every morning — 每天早晨
- arrive home — 到家，home 前不加 at
句型示范： We usually cook dinner together.
We 为复数主语，cook 用原形；usually 放在实义动词前，together 表示一起完成动作。
Lesson 57 · 一般现在时与现在进行时
- usually travel — 描述日常规律
- at the moment — 标明眼前活动
句型示范： I usually cycle to work, but today I am taking the bus.
Usually cycle 说明惯常出行；but 连接对比，today I am taking the bus 描述今天的临时安排或进行中的出行。
Lesson 58 · 一般现在时与现在进行时
- usually travel — 描述日常规律
- at the moment — 标明眼前活动
句型示范： Leo is wearing a suit now.
Leo 是单数主语，is wearing 描述此刻穿着；wear 表穿着状态，a suit 为宾语，now 给出当前时间。
Lesson 59 · 可数和不可数名词的数量
- how many — 问可数数量
- how much — 问不可数数量或价格
句型示范： We need five envelopes and some writing paper.
Need 的宾语由 five envelopes 和 some writing paper 并列组成：前者可数复数，后者不可数。
Lesson 60 · 可数和不可数名词的数量
- how many — 问可数数量
- how much — 问不可数数量或价格
句型示范： How much flour do you need?
How much flour 是疑问宾语，flour 不可数；do 放在主语 you 之前，need 用原形。
Lesson 61 · have 表身体状况与 must
- have a headache — have 加名词
- feel tired — feel 加形容词
句型示范： Mina has a headache today.
Mina 是第三人称单数，have 变 has；a headache 是表示身体状况的名词短语，today 表时间。
Lesson 62 · have 表身体状况与 must
- have a headache — have 加名词
- feel tired — feel 加形容词
句型示范： What is the matter with him?
What is the matter 构成询问状况的固定问句；with him 指明对象，him 是介词后的宾格。
Lesson 63 · must not 与 do not have to
- must not enter — 禁止进入
- do not have to wait — 不必等候
句型示范： You must not make noise in this room.
Must not 表禁止，make 用原形；noise 常作不可数名词，in this room 限定规则适用的地方。
Lesson 64 · must not 与 do not have to
- must not enter — 禁止进入
- do not have to wait — 不必等候
句型示范： You do not have to wait outside.
Do not have to 表示没有义务，并非禁止；wait 用原形，outside 为地点副词。
Lesson 65 · 时间表达与 can 表许可
- can I — 询问许可
- be home by — 不迟于某时到家
句型示范： Can I stay until a quarter past nine?
Can I 开头询问许可；stay 为原形，until a quarter past nine 表一直待到9:15。
Lesson 66 · 时间表达与 can 表许可
- can I — 询问许可
- be home by — 不迟于某时到家
句型示范： You must be home by half past ten.
Must 后接 be 原形；home 表在家，by half past ten 意为最迟10:30，不是必须恰好10:30。
Lesson 67 · be 的过去式 was/were
- was at home — 过去在家
- were absent — 过去缺席
句型示范： I was at the library last Saturday.
I 配过去式 was；at the library 表位置，last Saturday 明确已结束的过去，前面不加 on。
Lesson 68 · be 的过去式 was/were
- was at home — 过去在家
- were absent — 过去缺席
句型示范： Were your friends at the concert yesterday?
Were 前置构成过去的 be 问句；your friends 为复数，at the concert 表地点或参与场景。
Lesson 69 · 过去存在句与时间介词
- there were — 过去有多个对象
- on Sunday — 在星期日
句型示范： There were hundreds of people at the race.
There were 引出过去存在的人群；hundreds of people 是复数，at the race 表现场。
Lesson 70 · 过去存在句与时间介词
- there were — 过去有多个对象
- on Sunday — 在星期日
句型示范： The final was on Sunday afternoon.
The final 是单数主语，用 was；on Sunday afternoon 是具体某天下午，所以使用 on。
Lesson 71 · 一般过去时与 did
- did you call — 询问过去动作
- last night — 昨夜，前面不加介词
句型示范： She called the office twice yesterday.
She called 是一般过去时肯定句；called 为规则过去式，twice 表次数，yesterday 表过去时间。
Lesson 72 · 一般过去时与 did
- did you call — 询问过去动作
- last night — 昨夜，前面不加介词
句型示范： When did you finish the report?
When 询问完成时间；did 承担过去标记，you 为主语，finish 恢复原形，the report 为宾语。
Lesson 73 · 不规则过去式
- lose the way — 迷路
- the way to — 到某处的路
句型示范： We took the wrong bus and went to the harbour.
Took 与 went 是并列的过去时谓语，分别来自 take 和 go；and 连接两个先后相关的动作。
Lesson 74 · 不规则过去式
- lose the way — 迷路
- the way to — 到某处的路
句型示范： Did the guard show you the right road?
Did 前置询问过去事件，show 恢复原形；you 是接受者，the right road 是被指出的信息。
Lesson 75 · 过去时间标记与 buy/bought
- a pair of — 一双，pair 可计数
- two days ago — 两天以前
句型示范： I bought these boots three weeks ago.
Bought 是 buy 的不规则过去式；these boots 为宾语，three weeks ago 表从现在回溯三周。
Lesson 76 · 过去时间标记与 buy/bought
- a pair of — 一双，pair 可计数
- two days ago — 两天以前
句型示范： Did you wear the new shoes yesterday?
Did 承担过去标记，wear 不用过去式 wore；the new shoes 为宾语，yesterday 指过去一天。
Lesson 77 · 时间介词与否定疑问句
- at two thirty — 在两点半
- on Tuesday morning — 在星期二早上
句型示范： My appointment is at ten on Thursday.
My appointment 是主语，is 连接时间表语；at ten 表钟点，on Thursday 表某一天。
Lesson 78 · 时间介词与否定疑问句
- at two thirty — 在两点半
- on Tuesday morning — 在星期二早上
句型示范： Can you come earlier on Friday?
Can you 询问是否能够；come 用原形，earlier 是副词比较级，on Friday 交代是哪天。
Lesson 79 · need 与 must
- need to buy — 需要购买
- must go — 必须去，不加 to
句型示范： We need to buy rice and tomatoes.
Need 后接不定式 to buy；rice 不可数，tomatoes 是复数可数名词，两者都作 buy 的宾语。
Lesson 80 · need 与 must
- need to buy — 需要购买
- must go — 必须去，不加 to
句型示范： She must go to the pharmacy before six.
She 为主语，must 后直接接 go；to the pharmacy 表目的地，before six 表时间界限。
Lesson 81 · have/had 的活动用法
- have lunch — 吃午饭
- have a rest — 休息一下
句型示范： We had vegetable soup for lunch.
Had 是 have 的过去式，此处表示吃喝；vegetable soup 为食物对象，for lunch 表午餐所用。
Lesson 82 · have/had 的活动用法
- have lunch — 吃午饭
- have a rest — 休息一下
句型示范： Did you have a good rest after the journey?
Did 构成过去问句，have 恢复原形；a good rest 表一次充分休息，after the journey 表先后关系。
Lesson 83 · 现在完成时入门
- have already packed — 已收拾好
- go on holiday — 去度假
句型示范： I have already packed my suitcase.
I have packed 构成现在完成时，already 常放在助动词与分词之间；当前结果是行李已收拾好。
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