第二册：实践与进步 · 全册短语与句型 · 第75–96课
本册介绍 · 全册课程目录 · 全册语法总结 · 全册单词总结 · 全册短语与句型 · 全册易错点 · 综合复习与自测
Lesson 75 · 不定式与目的
- call for help — 呼救、请求援助
- in need of — 需要，of 后接名词
句型示范： The hikers laid bright jackets on the rocks to attract attention.
laid 为 lay 的过去式，bright jackets 是宾语，to attract 为目的状语，执行者与 hikers 一致。
Lesson 76 · 间接引语与视角转换
- fall for a story — 轻信一个故事
- check the source — 核对来源，不等于只看标题
句型示范： The programme claimed that the trees could grow blue apples.
claimed 为报告动词，that 从句是被声称的内容；could 是从过去视角表达能力，句子不证明该能力真实。
Lesson 77 · 现在完成时与过去时间
- recover from — 从伤病或困难中恢复
- be able to — 能够，后接原形
句型示范： The injured bird has recovered enough to stand on both feet.
has recovered 为完成时，enough to stand 表达到某种程度，on both feet 说明动作状态。
Lesson 78 · 动名词与动词搭配
- give up a habit — 放弃一个习惯
- make an effort to — 努力做某事，后接原形
句型示范： Jon stopped buying cigarettes on his way to work.
stopped 为谓语，buying 作动名词宾语，on his way to work 是购买发生的情境。
Lesson 79 · 时间、原因与让步从句
- despite the delay — 尽管延误，despite 后不加 of
- look down at — 向下看某物
句型示范： Despite the delay, we enjoyed the view from the plane.
Despite the delay 是介词短语，主句 enjoyed 为过去式，from the plane 给出观察位置。
Lesson 80 · 被动语态与信息重点
- be used for — 被用来，for 后接名词或动名词
- on display — 在展出，不加冠词
句型示范： The exhibition hall was built from glass and steel.
was built 为一般过去被动，from glass and steel 说明建材；主语是展厅而非建造者。
Lesson 81 · 分词修饰与逻辑主语
- in disguise — 伪装着
- draw somebody's attention — 引起某人注意
句型示范： Dressed as a cleaner, the prisoner walked towards the side gate.
Dressed 为过去分词状语，逻辑主语是 prisoner；walked 为主句谓语，towards 表方向。
Lesson 82 · 情态动词的意义与形式
- turn out to be — 最后证明是
- beyond doubt — 毫无疑问，需要充分证据
句型示范： The shape in the photograph might have been a large fish.
might have been 为对过去身份的推测，a large fish 为表语；might 表不确定，不是过去能力。
Lesson 83 · 将来表达与安排
- vote for — 投票支持某人或方案
- keep a promise — 履行承诺
句型示范： The candidate promised that the council would publish a plan by June.
promised 明确信息来源，would publish 是过去视角的将来，by June 表截止时间。
Lesson 84 · 将来进行时与过程
- reach an agreement — 达成协议
- go on strike — 开始罢工，strike 在此不用 a
句型示范： At ten tomorrow, the two sides will be discussing the revised offer.
will be discussing 为将来进行时，the two sides 是复数主语，revised 为过去分词定语。
Lesson 85 · 不定式与目的
- gain confidence — 建立信心
- learn at your own pace — 按自己的速度学习
句型示范： Ruth was nervous, but she was not too old to learn coding.
not too old to learn 否定年龄成为绝对障碍；to learn 为结果相关不定式，coding 是 learn 的宾语内容。
Lesson 86 · 分词修饰与逻辑主语
- lose control of — 失去对……的控制
- slow down — 减速，可不接宾语
句型示范： Hearing a strange sound, the driver slowed down immediately.
Hearing 的执行者是 driver；slowed down 为主句谓语，immediately 是时间方式相关副词。
Lesson 87 · 间接引语与视角转换
- account for — 解释某事或行踪
- check against — 对照另一资料核查
句型示范： The officer asked where Daniel had been before eight.
asked 引出间接特殊疑问，where 从句按主语 Daniel 加 had been 排列；before eight 是核对时段。
Lesson 88 · 被动语态与信息重点
- be trapped in — 被困在某处
- keep in touch with — 与……保持联系
句型示范： Fresh air will be supplied through a narrow pipe.
will be supplied 是将来被动，through 引出通道，Fresh air 不可数。
Lesson 89 · 动词、宾语与补足语
- a slip of the tongue — 口误，通常不是故意说谎
- correct yourself — 自我纠正，用反身代词
句型示范： I meant to say Thursday, but I accidentally said Tuesday.
meant to say 表意图，said 是实际行为，but 标出意图与结果的不一致。
Lesson 90 · 分词修饰与逻辑主语
- run out of — 用完，主语通常是使用者
- be used for — 用于，for 后可接名词或 -ing
句型示范： The potatoes fried this morning were used for supper.
fried this morning 是过去分词后置定语，were used 才是主句谓语，主语 potatoes 为复数。
Lesson 91 · 过去进行时与叙事背景
- at a height of — 在……高度，后接数值单位
- come down — 下降，也可表示价格下降，需看语境
句型示范： We were drifting over the fields when the pilot noticed a clear landing area.
were drifting 为背景，when 引出 noticed；a clear landing area 首次引入新地点。
Lesson 92 · 间接引语与视角转换
- take offence — 感到被冒犯
- in a calm tone — 用平静的语气
句型示范： I do not think the receptionist meant to be rude.
do not think 否定判断，meant to be 表意图；说话者评价的是意图，而不是否认语气可能让人不舒服。
Lesson 93 · 定语从句与指代
- a gift from — 来自……的礼物
- a symbol of — ……的象征，不等于实际包含该事物
句型示范： The statue, which was donated by local artists, stands beside the library.
The statue 为主语，stands 为主句谓语；逗号内 which was donated 是非限制性定语从句，which 指 statue。
Lesson 94 · 一般现在时与习惯
- learn to do — 学会做某事
- under supervision — 在监督照看下，通常不用 a
句型示范： The children practise floating before they learn to swim across the pool.
practise 后接动名词 floating，learn 后接 to swim；before 引出学习顺序，children 为复数。
Lesson 95 · 非真实条件句
- what if — 如果……会怎样，用于提出设想
- come true — 梦想等变为现实，不用被动
句型示范： If people could store sunlight in a pocket, winter evenings would look different.
could store 表非真实能力假设，would look 表设想结果；sunlight 不可数，in a pocket 为幻想中的容器。
Lesson 96 · 被动语态与信息重点
- honour the memory of — 纪念某人
- according to tradition — 按照传统，标明文化来源
句型示范： The lanterns are placed by the river to honour family ancestors.
are placed 是一般现在时被动，概括仪式做法；by the river 是地点而非执行者，to honour 表目的。
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