第三册：培养技能 · 全册易错点 · 第22–44课
本册介绍 · 全册课程目录 · 全册语法总结 · 全册单词总结 · 全册短语与句型 · 全册易错点 · 综合复习与自测
L22 · should have done 的过去评价
I should checked 错缺 have；过去评价用 should have checked，当前建议用 should check。
对照例句： I missed my cue because I had not rehearsed; I should have checked the recording twice.
had not rehearsed 交代此前缺失的准备；should have checked 评价未完成的适当行动。
L23 · prefer 与 would rather
I prefer tea than coffee 应改为 prefer tea to coffee；would rather drink tea than coffee 是另一结构。
对照例句： I prefer tasting a small portion to rejecting an unfamiliar dish immediately.
tasting 与 rejecting 为平行动名词结构；to 是介词而非不定式标记。
L24 · 同位语从句与定语从句
The letter that was unsigned 中 that 作从句主语；the fact that the letter was unsigned 中 that 不作句子成分。
对照例句： The discovery that the letter was unsigned raised new questions.
that the letter was unsigned 说明 discovery 的具体内容；从句不缺主语或表语。
L25 · 过去完成进行时
had been sailed 是被动形式的一部分，不等于 had been sailing；主动进行需要 ing。
对照例句： The crew had been sailing for six hours when the wind finally changed.
had been sailing 强调风变前的持续过程；when 从句提供过去参照点。
L26 · too 与 enough 的位置
enough wide 应为 wide enough；wide enough space 则应根据所指改写为 enough space 或 a sufficiently wide space。
对照例句： The tin is wide enough to hold the cards, but it is too shallow for the wooden pieces.
enough 在 wide 后；too 在 shallow 前；两个评价分别针对不同物品。
L27 · 不定代词的后置修饰
I don't need nothing 在标准书面英语里应改为 I don't need anything；not everything 不是“什么都不”。
对照例句： We found nothing expensive in the cabin, but there was everything we needed.
expensive 后置修饰 nothing；everything 后接省略宾语关系词的限定从句 we needed。
L28 · 条件句中的礼貌距离
I would consider to buy 应为 consider buying；consider 后接动名词，不能直接接 to do 表示考虑做某事。
对照例句： If you included the carrying case, I would consider paying the full price.
included 与 would consider 构成试探性条件；consider 不等于作出购买承诺。
L29 · whether 从句与选择范围
Whether does the joke work depends ... 错在从句倒装；应保持 the joke works 的陈述语序。
对照例句： Whether the joke works depends partly on what the audience already knows.
whether 从句整体作主语，谓语为单数 depends；what 从句作 on 的宾语。
L30 · 情态动词加完成式推断
He must opened 错缺 have；He had to open 表示过去不得不打开，意义不是过去推断。
对照例句： Someone must have opened the cupboard, because the flour had been moved.
must have opened 是基于线索的推断，because 从句给出依据；推断仍不同于亲眼观察。
L31 · 非限定性定语从句
Mr Vale, that repairs clocks, ... 不符合非限定从句规则，应使用 who，并补足完整主句。
对照例句： Mr Vale, who repairs clocks for fun, keeps a tiny workshop in his kitchen.
who 从句补充已明确人物的爱好；主句骨架为 Mr Vale keeps a tiny workshop。
L32 · 现在完成时被动
The wreck has discovered 缺少被动的 been，应为 has been discovered；若由研究者主动发现，则主语需改为 researchers。
对照例句： Three wooden beams have been recovered, but the vessel has not yet been identified.
have been recovered 对应复数 beams；has not yet been identified 对应单数 vessel。
L33 · 否定副词前置倒装
Never I saw ... 缺少倒装；一般过去时应写 Never did I see ...，不能写 did I saw。
对照例句： Never had I seen the station so quiet before that morning.
never 前置使 had 提到 I 前；seen 保持过去分词，before that morning 给出过去参照点。
L34 · 分词状语的逻辑主语
Looking under the table, a coin appeared 容易构成悬垂分词；应改为 I found a coin 或 When I looked ...。
对照例句： Looking beneath the frame, Maya noticed a small handwritten label.
Looking 的逻辑主语为 Maya，与主句一致；分词短语交代发现时的动作背景。
L35 · 情态动词的被动结构
The statements should examined 缺 be；should be examined 仍不表示审查已经完成。
对照例句： Both statements should be examined before a decision is announced.
should be examined 为建议性被动，before 后 is announced 描述流程中的另一步。
L36 · so 与 such 的结果结构
so an unexpected meeting 位置错误；可写 such an unexpected meeting，或 the meeting was so unexpected。
对照例句： It was such an unexpected meeting that neither of us spoke for a moment.
such 修饰 an unexpected meeting 这一名词短语；that 从句表达惊讶造成的反应。
L37 · by、until 与时刻表现在时
Wait by six 不表示一直等到六点，持续等待应写 Wait until six；arrive until six 在此也不自然。
对照例句： We must reach the platform by six, although the train does not leave until ten past.
by six 给到达截止时间；not ... until ten past 给列车最早实际离开时间。
L38 · 目的不定式与 for doing
a tool for measure 应为 a tool for measuring；目的不定式则是 used it to measure。
对照例句： The group marked a stone each evening to keep track of passing days.
marked 为主要动作，to keep track of 为目的；each evening 说明重复频率。
L39 · 不定式后置修饰与介词
I need someone to speak 应表达为 someone to speak to，若意思是“需要一个说话者”，则原结构可能有不同含义。
对照例句： We had a reliable guide to consult and a marked path to follow.
consult 与 follow 都直接带宾语，因此不定式末尾无需额外介词；guide 与 path 分别为其对象。
L40 · 反身代词与相互代词
They looked at themselves 表示看自己，looked at each other 表示彼此对视，不能互换。
对照例句： The two actors introduced themselves before they introduced each other to the director.
themselves 回指各自，each other 表示相互对象；两个短语改变动作方向。
L41 · while 与 whereas 的对照
while 不能每次都译作“当……时”；While Anna likes silence, Ben enjoys company 中表达的是偏好对照。
对照例句： The village is quiet after sunset, whereas the market town remains busy until midnight.
whereas 对照两个地方在夜间的活动状态，不表示一个事件发生在另一个事件期间。
L42 · 独立主格的独立主语
The passage was blocked, the team returned 属于逗号拼接两个完整句，需加 so、用分号或改为从句。
对照例句： The main passage blocked, the team returned to the entrance.
the main passage 为独立结构主语，blocked 表被动状态；主句主语为 the team。
L43 · provided that 与 unless
Unless you don't report it 会形成额外否定，若意为“如果不报告”，直接写 unless you report it。
对照例句： In this fictional scheme, repairs are covered provided that the damage is reported within a week.
provided that 引出必要条件；within a week 给出时间限制，句子没有描述现实产品。
L44 · 平行结构与 not only
both comfortable and saves time 不平行；可改为 both comfortable and convenient，或 It is comfortable and saves time。
对照例句： The night train offers both a quiet place to sleep and a direct route to the city centre.
both ... and 连接两个名词短语，均为 offers 的宾语，语法层级一致。
继续阅读
- 路线与能力起点
- 路线与能力起点
- 路线与能力起点