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第三册：培养技能 · 全册短语与句型 · 第49–60课 ​

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本册介绍 · 全册课程目录 · 全册语法总结 · 全册单词总结 · 全册短语与句型 · 全册易错点 · 综合复习与自测

Lesson 49 · 介词加关系代词 ​

  • rely on — 依靠
  • live up to — 达到期望或标准

句型示范： The assistant on whom the household relied kept a careful record of every delivery.

on whom 引导限定从句，on 来自 rely on；从句修饰 assistant。

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Lesson 50 · 动词后 ing 与 to do 的意义 ​

  • stick to — 坚持计划或规则
  • give up — 放弃，后接名词或动名词

句型示范： I stopped checking messages during study sessions and tried leaving my phone in another room.

stopped checking 是终止行为；tried leaving 是试用一个办法，而非宣称最终一定成功。

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Lesson 51 · 将来完成时的截止视角 ​

  • by the time — 到……的时候，注意后续时态
  • on the basis of — 根据某证据或假设

句型示范： If the schedule holds, the team will have tested all three models by Friday.

will have tested 以 Friday 为截止参照；if 从句使结果明确依赖进度条件。

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Lesson 52 · 名词化与动作还原 ​

  • in plain language — 用清楚朴素的语言
  • live up to — 达到宣传或期待

句型示范： The seller called the mixture a premium finish, but the label did not explain its ingredients.

called 加宾语和名词补语报告命名；but 后用具体缺失信息检验宣传，而非仅凭名称判断品质。

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Lesson 53 · 形式主语与真正主语 ​

  • in the public interest — 为了公共利益
  • hold accountable — 要求对行为负责

句型示范： It is essential that every complaint be recorded before the review begins.

it 为形式主语；that 从句为真正评价对象；be recorded 使用建议性原形虚拟式被动。

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Lesson 54 · whatever 与 no matter what ​

  • respond to — 对刺激或情况作出反应
  • by trial and error — 通过反复试错

句型示范： Whatever caused the bird to choose the red lid, one trial cannot establish a general rule.

whatever 从句作让步状语；主句独立成立，强调证据数量的限制。

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Lesson 55 · 省略 if 的条件倒装 ​

  • make sense of — 理解某信息
  • in principle — 原则上，不等于实际已实现

句型示范： Should anyone detect the signal, the repeated pattern may help them recognize it as intentional.

Should anyone detect 等于 If anyone should detect；may 保留识别成功的不确定性。

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Lesson 56 · 混合时间条件句 ​

  • rise above — 升到某水平之上
  • keep out — 阻挡进入

句型示范： If we had moved the supplies upstairs yesterday, they would be dry now.

had moved 指昨日未做的动作，would be dry now 表示当前反事实状态。

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Lesson 57 · as if 与假设语气 ​

  • bring back memories — 唤起回忆
  • no longer — 不再，说明过去与现在的变化

句型示范： The bakery smelled as if nothing had changed since my childhood.

as if 引出主观印象；had changed 以过去 smelled 为参照，since 标明持续范围。

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Lesson 58 · but for 与 without 的隐含条件 ​

  • clear up — 澄清或解决误会
  • but for — 要不是某因素，用于隐含条件

句型示范： But for the dated receipt, we would have been unable to explain the mix-up.

but for 引出过去反事实条件，would have been unable 描述过去本可能出现的结果。

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Lesson 59 · 动名词作主语与宾语 ​

  • take an interest in — 对某事产生兴趣
  • build up — 逐步积累

句型示范： Collecting old maps has taught me to notice how place names change.

Collecting old maps 整体作单数主语，谓语为 has taught；how 从句为 notice 的宾语。

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Lesson 60 · 时间从句与将来表达整合 ​

  • just as — 恰好在……时，也有比较用法，需看语境
  • ahead of time — 提前于安排时间

句型示范： Please call me when you arrive, and I will meet you at the side entrance.

when you arrive 是未来时间从句，用现在时；主句后半用 will 表示响应行动。

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